Water Monitoring:Monitoring refers to observing changes in conditions or trends over time in order to make decisions about managing natural resources. In Australia, monitoring programs for surface waters and groundwater resources are conducted by state and territory governments under the Water Act 2007. These programs collect data on things like rainfall levels, stream flows, groundwater levels, evaporation rates, soil moisture levels, and land cover changes. This information is used to assess the health of aquatic ecosystems and make decisions about how to best manage these resources into the future.